{"id":4176,"date":"2025-09-27T14:49:01","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T07:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/luatsu911.vn\/?p=4176"},"modified":"2025-09-27T14:50:02","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T07:20:02","slug":"nghi-dinh-94-2025-nd-cp-sandbox-ngan-hang-bai-bao-phan-tich-chuyen-mon-luat-su-911","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/luatsu911.vn\/?p=4176","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (Sandbox ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) \u2014 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 911"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (Sandbox ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) \u2014 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n<\/span><\/h1>\n

T\u00f3m t\u1eaft:<\/strong> Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (ban h\u00e0nh 29\/4\/2025, hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c 01\/07\/2025) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201cc\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u201d (regulatory sandbox) trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Fintech \u2014 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua Open API v\u00e0 cho vay ngang h\u00e0ng (P2P) \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u1ea1m vi, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n do Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (NHNN) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, logic ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ef1c thi, so s\u00e1nh ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sandbox qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan (c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, fintech, lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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1. Khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2014 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/h2>\n

N\u1ed9i dung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i.<\/strong> Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi (c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\/d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\/m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Fintech trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng), li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng; chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua Open API; cho vay ngang h\u00e0ng \u2014 P2P), v\u00e0 giao NHNN th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, c\u1ea5p\/thu h\u1ed3i \u201cGi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn tham gia th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\u201d. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 01\/07\/2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p & th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/strong> H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 do t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb g\u1eedi NHNN; NHNN x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn trong 5 ng\u00e0y; th\u1eddi gian th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i \u0111a 90 ng\u00e0y; sau khi c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 90 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 2 n\u0103m<\/strong> (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia h\u1ea1n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e1c l\u1eadp quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ra m\u1eaft th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u2014 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/strong> C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p. NHNN c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9, thu h\u1ed3i gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ee7i ro ho\u1eb7c vi ph\u1ea1m; t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tham gia ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m minh b\u1ea1ch, KYC\/AML, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 (h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c theo m\u1eabu).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. Logic ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch: t\u1ea1i sao NHNN ch\u1ecdn sandbox v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1eb7t ra<\/span><\/h2>\n

T\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u201can to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed\u201d (safe space).<\/strong> Sandbox l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp: khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh\/quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t NHNN c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c sandbox n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 FCA (Anh) hay MAS (Singapore).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u01afu ti\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00eau r\u00f5 ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, Open API v\u00e0 P2P cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi: (i) m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, (ii) th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 (iii) t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho k\u00eanh t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd<\/span><\/h2>\n

3.1. Ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Fintech \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean (credit scoring, Open API, P2P). \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: gi\u00fap NHNN t\u1eadp trung ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: danh m\u1ee5c kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c (DLT, tokenization trong thanh to\u00e1n, AI qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro). N\u1ebfu Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e1 \u201c\u0111\u00f3ng khung\u201d, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3.2. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u minh b\u1ea1ch, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro; th\u00f4ng tin b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. \u1ede th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n cho startup. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1\u201d v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1ed1n\/nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c cho startup l\u00e0 then ch\u1ed1t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3.3. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 KYC\/AML, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1eeda ti\u1ec1n, an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 cho NHNN. Ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c thi: c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (log, audit trail), n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1eefa fintech \u2013 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c. Thi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u201ck\u00eau nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3.4. R\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1p l\u00fd khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i: \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9, thu h\u1ed3i, thanh l\u00fd. \u1ee8ng x\u1eed khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u201cch\u1ea1y\u201d ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho kh\u00e1ch ngo\u00e0i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 giao d\u1ecbch) s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 tu\u1ef3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn cho fintech n\u1ebfu h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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4. So s\u00e1nh ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sandbox qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ph\u1ea1m vi & t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/strong> FCA (Anh) v\u00e0 MAS (Singapore) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 sandbox v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n: FCA ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c xin ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sau th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m; MAS c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng \u201cguardrails\u201d (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb giao d\u1ecbch). Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi danh m\u1ee5c h\u1eb9p (3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p) v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u2014 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00ecm h\u00e3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1edbm m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/strong> Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a 2 n\u0103m \u2014 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (MAS\/FCA th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 tu\u1ef3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh). \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn n\u1eb1m \u1edf n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a regulator: hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 sandbox ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u2014 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 NHNN c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nhanh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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5. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan & chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/h2>\n

5.1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi fintech startups<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i:<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1eadt v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd; t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng huy \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n n\u1ebfu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/span>
R\u1ee7i ro:<\/strong> \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham gia, chi ph\u00ed tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 (an ninh, KYC, audit), v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb y\u1ebfu.<\/span>
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n: (i) b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p & k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n r\u1ee7i ro; (ii) KYC\/AML flow v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng; (iii) b\u1ea3n test plan v\u1edbi KPIs; (iv) ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; (v) k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u201cexit\u201d (k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n d\u1eebng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

5.2. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng\/truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i:<\/strong> h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi fintech \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi.<\/span>
R\u1ee7i ro:<\/strong> tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c fintech vi ph\u1ea1m; r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi danh m\u1ee5c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng; \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/span>
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/strong> x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khung h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c (contractual risk allocation), due diligence k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt & ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, SLA an ninh, ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, l\u1eadp \u201cwar room\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

5.3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/span><\/h3>\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/strong> ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh; t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh (NHNN \u2013 B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng an \u2013 B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u2013 B\u1ed9 Th\u00f4ng tin & Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd AML, an ninh m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i.<\/span>
Ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<\/strong> minh b\u1ea1ch ti\u00eau ch\u00ed x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1eabu cho h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u00eanh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trung h\u1ea1n theo m\u1ed1c (6 th\u00e1ng, 12 th\u00e1ng) v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi NHNN s\u1edbm c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ec5 tham gia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

6. R\u1ee7i ro k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o sandbox<\/span><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    An ninh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng & SOC \/ incident response<\/strong> \u2014 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng testing (pen test), v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng SLA.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    D\u1eef li\u1ec7u & b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong> \u2014 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (on-shore), m\u00e3 ho\u00e1, ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    KYC & AML k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong> \u2014 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, logs cho audit.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    Minh b\u1ea1ch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong> \u2014 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro, ph\u00ed, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5t to\u00e1n \/ chuy\u1ec3n giao khi d\u1eebng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong> \u2014 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng escrow, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng sang b\u00ean kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i.<\/span>
    (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 khi thu h\u1ed3i gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn; nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n

    7. Checklist ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2014 Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/h2>\n
      \n
    • \n

      H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, use cases v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (target users, caps).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro (r\u1ee7i ro ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, r\u1ee7i ro thanh kho\u1ea3n) k\u00e8m bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch KYC\/AML v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t giao d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      B\u1ea3n sao h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u01b0u k\u00fd\/escrow cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn an ninh th\u00f4ng tin (SOC2\/ISO27001 ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o pentest).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng & gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u201cexit\u201d v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\/t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n khi d\u1eebng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n

      8. Ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn & trung h\u1ea1n cho NHNN<\/span><\/h2>\n
        \n
      1. \n

        Minh b\u1ea1ch m\u1eabu h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 & checklist c\u00f4ng khai<\/strong> \u2014 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        Ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng r\u1ee7i ro & ti\u00eau ch\u00ed cho startup<\/strong> \u2014 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed qu\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb9p\u201d ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1edbm v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan li\u00ean quan<\/strong> (AML, an ninh m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng danh m\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong> \u2014 b\u1ed5 sung DLT\/AI\/embedded finance n\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cho ph\u00e9p.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n

        C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong> (transparency report) \u2014 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \n

        9. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam: n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 can thi\u1ec7p cho NHNN \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o Fintech v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c thi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh, minh b\u1ea1ch ti\u00eau ch\u00ed, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho fintech<\/strong> \u2014 n\u1ebfu NHNN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sandbox ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n

        T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o (ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc)<\/span><\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \n

          To\u00e0n v\u0103n Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (C\u1ed5ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u2014 t\u1ed5ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c m\u1eabu h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n NHNN, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u00e1o ch\u00ed (CAF\u00c9F, Thanh Ni\u00ean, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n khai sandbox.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: FCA Regulatory Sandbox (UK), MAS FinTech Regulatory Sandbox<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (Sandbox ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) \u2014 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (ban h\u00e0nh 29\/4\/2025, hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c 01\/07\/2025) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201cc\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u201d (regulatory sandbox) trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Fintech […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4312,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138,132],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-luat-ve-crypto-viet-nam","category-tai-san-so"],"yoast_head":"\nNgh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (Sandbox ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) \u2014 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 911 - Lu\u1eadt S\u01b0 911- Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Blockchain, crypto, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m&a, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/luatsu911.vn\/?p=4176\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (Sandbox ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) \u2014 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 911 - Lu\u1eadt S\u01b0 911- Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Blockchain, crypto, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m&a, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (Sandbox ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng) \u2014 B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n T\u00f3m t\u1eaft: Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 94\/2025\/N\u0110-CP (ban h\u00e0nh 29\/4\/2025, hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c 01\/07\/2025) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201cc\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u201d (regulatory sandbox) trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 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